Here is the answer to the quiz of school taxes on exports. This
trade policy is unknown to the general public, it is nevertheless widely used and not regulated by the WTO. To give you some examples of China's steel export taxes, Argentina's grain Indonesia and Malaysia exports palm oil. But
devil, why do they do such a thing? Of course, to raise tax revenues, but this is not the only reason, once taxed exports are less competitive, some producers instead of exporting to reorient the local market which is not taxed. This behavior leads to more competition and hence lower domestic prices. This price drop is beneficial to the industries of intermediate and final consumers. In China these taxes on steel allow industries that process / use this metal to be more competitive, Indonesia and Malaysia taxes on the oil palm industry can develop a bio-fuel and such taxes in Argentina on cereals benefit consumers. Such measures have therefore appear to be beneficial, especially in times of food crisis. But the air is not the song, the importing countries (especially small countries) are being hit hard by rising world prices due to taxes on exports. Gains for some worth the pain of others?
According to this interesting study this Thurs is harmful and calls for international regulation.
Postscript: Dear Anonymous 5, who are you? I dream that you are a student of 1st year! The case of Argentina that you mention is actually interesting. It's a long tradition of taxing Argentina Argentine export grain, if the measure was suspended while the farmers exported their massive soy prod ; and domestic prices rose, the urban electorate has suffered, resulting in a change in policy. The fees were reintroduced and resume your expression "the coach was re-elected." This poor Mrs. Kirchner but to face the wrath of farmers in 2008 and his party took a drubbing sacred in the 2009 elections.
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